Review Articles Hemorrhage Sepsis Microvascular Dysfunction Proof of Concept Other References
Please see Bibliography of References for a list of abstracts, manuscripts and posters.
Microvascular Dysfunction

Détermination des facteurs de risque (FDR) d’une réponse anormale obtenue par spectroscopie infrarouge (nirs) à un test d’occlusion vasculaire (TOV) chez des patients à haut risque vasculaire
Fathallah B, Le Guen M, Le Manach Y, Langeron O. Afar. 2009;35(28S):S121. [Abstract]

A study of muscle tissue oxygenation and peripheral microcirculatory dysfunction in cirrhosis using near infrared spectroscopy
Thomson SJ, Cowan ML, Forton DM, Clark SJ, Musa S, Grounds M, Rahman TM. Liver Int. (Lond) 2009. [In press] [Abstract]

Exaggerated StO2 hyperaemic response to vascular occlusion testing in cirrhosis using near infrared spectroscopy
Thomson SJ, Cowan ML, Musa S, Al-Subaie N, Hamilton M, Grounds M, Rahman TM. J Hepatology 2009;50(Suppl 1):S282. [Abstract]

Effects of increasing mean arterial pressure with norepinephrine on microvascular reactivity in septic shock patients
Thooft A, Favory R, Salgado DR, De Backer D, Vincent JL, Creteur J. Int Care Med. 2009;35(Suppl 1):S80. [Abstract]

Anaesthesia induced changes in tissue saturation in response to vascular occlusion test
Ranjan S, Thomson S, Tuccillo ML, Addei A, Hagger R, Rahman T, Al-Subaie N, Hamilton M. Int Care Med. 2009;35(Suppl 1):S157. [Abstract]

Thenar oxygen saturation (StO2) and invasive oxygen delivery measurements in patients with cardiovascular insufficiency what are we measuring?
Mesquida J, Baigorri F, Masip J, Martinez ML, Gruartmoner G, Artigas A. Int Care Med. 2009;35(Suppl 1):S81. [Abstract]

Comparison of different vascular occlusion tests to assess microcirculatory disturbances with NIRS
Mayeur C, Campard S, Richard C, Teboul JL. Int Care Med. 2009;35(Suppl 1):S81. [Abstract]

Comparison of two transducers (15 or 25 mm) for thenar eminence micro-oxygenation assessment in septic shock
Luengo C, Damoisel C, Kerever S, Resche-Rigon M, Poussant T, Vall¨¦e D, Payen D. Int Care Med. 2009;35(Suppl 1):S27. [Abstract]

Use of near-infrared spectroscopy on finger during a vascular occlusion test to assess the dynamic tissue O2 saturation response
Lima A, Alamyar M, Bakker J. Int Care Med. 2009;35(Suppl 1):S205. [Abstract]

Thenar oxygen saturation (StO2) measured non-invasively by near-infrared spectroscopy during weaning from mechanical ventilation. Preliminary results
Gruartmoner G, Mesquida J, Masip J, Martinez ML, Baigorri F, Artigas A. Int Care Med. 2009;35(Suppl 1):S206. [Abstract]

Is there a correlation between near infrared spectroscopy and side dark field imaging?
Favory, Ospina-Tascon G, Donadello K, Simion D, Neves AP, Occhipinti G, Oliveira T, Fonseca A, Creteur J, Vincent JL, De Backer D. Int Care Med. 2009;35(Suppl 1):S205. [Abstract]

Is there any difference between general anesthesia alone or associated with thoracic epidural anaesthesia on thenar StO2 along hyperthermia for intraperitoneal chemotherapy?
Dagois S, Damoisel C, Lukaszewicz AC, Vostroknoutova I, Gevorgyan H, Luengo C, Pocard M, Payen D. Int Care Med. 2009;35(Suppl 1):S155. [Abstract]

Muscle oxygen consumption is related to the degree of microvascular dysfunction in patients with severe sepsis
Creteur J, Neves AP, Ospina G, De Backer D, Vincent JL. Int Care Med. 2009;35(Suppl 1):S104. [Abstract]

Effects of intravenous IGM-enriched immunoglobulins on muscle tissue mircrocirculation in septic shock: a preliminary report
Cavazzuti I, Rinaldi L, Braccini MS, Bertolotti V, Andreotti A, Busani S, Girardis M. Int Care Med. 2009;35(Suppl 1):S239. [Abstract]

Tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) in patients undergoing major bowel surgery predicts post operative complications
Al-Subaie N, Ranjan S, Thomson S, Tuccillo ML, Addei A, Hagger R, Hamilton M, Rhodes A. Int Care Med. 2009;35(Suppl 1):S157. [Abstract]

Short-term systemic effect of electrical muscle stimulation in critically ill patients
Gerovasili V, Tripodaki E, Karatzanos E, Pitsolis T, Markaki V, Zervakis D, Routsi C, Roussos C, Nanas S. Chest. 2009;136:1249-1256. [Abstract]

Physical exercise improves the peripheral microcirculation of patients with chronic heart failure
Gerovasili V, Drakos S, Kravari M, Malliaras K, Karatzanos E, Dimopoulos S, Tasoulis A, Anastasiou-Nana M, Roussos C, Nanas S. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2009;29(6):385-391. [Abstract]

Describing global and tissue level perfusion in congestive heart failure patients presenting to an urban emergency department: a pilot study
Sherwin R, Mango L, Medado P, Levy P. Ann Emerg Med. 2009;54(Suppl 3):S59. [Abstract]

Utilizing the vascular occlusion technique with NIRS technology. Int J Ind Ergonomics
Gerovasili V, Dimopoulos S, Tzanis G, Anastasiou-Nana M, Nanas S. 2009. [In Press] [Abstract]

Effect of pharmacologic vasodilation on skeletal muscle oxygen extraction
Simon P, Mesquida J, Suffoletto B, Gomez H, Kellum J, Pinsky M. Crit Care Med.2009;37(12, Suppl):A88. [Abstract]

Microcirculatory dysfunction in ICU patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis measured by near-infrared spectroscopy
Siebig S, Wiest R, Bruennler T, Wrede C. Crit Care Med.2009;37(12,suppl):A359. [Abstract]

Prehospital dynamic tissue O2 saturation response predicts in-hospital mortality in trauma patients
Guyette F, Gomez H, Suffoletto B, Quintero J, Mesquida J, Kim HK, Hostler D, Puyana J, Pinsky M. Crit Care Med. 2009;37(12, Suppl):A28. [Abstract]

Low tissue oxygen saturation at the end of early goal-directed therapy is associated with worse outcome in critically ill patients
Lima A, van Bommel J, Jansen TC, Ince C, Bakker J. Crit Care. 2009;13(Suppl 5):S13. [Abstract]

Recombinant activated protein C treatment improves tissue perfusion and oxygenation in septic patients measured by near-infrared spectroscopy
Donati A, Romanelli M, Botticelli L, Valentini A, Gabbanelli V, Nataloni S, Principi T, Pelaia P, Bezemer R, Ince C. Crit Care. 2009;13(Suppl 5):S12. [Abstract]

Near-infrared spectroscopy technique to evaluate the effects of red blood cell transfusion on tissue oxygenation
Creteur J, Neves AP, Vincent JL. Crit Care. 2009;13(Suppl 5):S11. [Abstract]

Cardiac troponin and skeletal muscle oxygenation in severe post-partum haemorrhage
Heyer L, Mebazaa A, Gayat E, Resche-Rigon M, Rabuel C, Rezlan E, Lukascewicz AC, Madadaki C, Pirracchio R, Schurando P, Morel O, Fargeaudou Y, Payen D. Crit Care. 2009;13(Suppl 5):S8. [Abstract]

Is thenar tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation in septic shock related to macrohemodynamic variables and outcome?
Payen D, Luengo C, Heyer L, Resche-Rigon M, Kerever S, Damoisel C, Losser MR. Crit Care. 2009;13(Suppl 5):S6. [Abstract]

Assessment of tissue oxygen saturation during a vascular occlusion test using near-infrared spectroscopy: the role of probe spacing and measurement site studied in healthy volunteers
Bezemer R, Lima A, Myers D, Klijn E, Heger M, Goedhart PT, Bakker J, Ince C. Crit Care. 2009;13(Suppl 5):S4. [Abstract]

Characterization of tissue oxygen saturation and the vascular occlusion test: influence of measurement sites, probe sizes and deflation thresholds
Gomez H, Mesquida J, Simon P, Kim HK, Puyana JC, Ince C, Pinsky MR. Crit Care. 2009;13(Suppl 5):S3. [Abstract]

Non-invasive assessment of the microcirculation in critically ill patients
Nanas S, Gerovasili V, Renieris P, Angelopoulos E, Poriazi M, Kritikos K, Siafaka A, Baraboutis I, Zervakis D, Markaki V, Routsi C, Roussos C. Anaesth Int Care. 2009;37(5):733-739. [Abstract]

Consequences of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy on systemic and tissue perfusion (thenar eminence): during general anaesthesia associated or not with thoracic epidural anaesthesia
Dagois S, Caragliano G, Heyer L, Vostroknoutova I, Gevorgyan H, Luengo C, Pocard M, Payen D. Int Care Med. 2008;34(Supp 1):S257. Abstract 1008. [Abstract]

Microcirculatory changes after activated protein-C infusion in severe sepsis
Donati A, Romanelli M, Romagnoli L, Botticelli L, Anastasi C, Pelaia P. Int Care Med. 2008;34(Supp 1):S104. Abstract 0395. [Abstract]

Tissue perfusion evaluation with near-infrared spectroscopy during treatment with activated protein C
Donati A, Botticelli L, Anastasi C, Romanelli M, Romagnoli L, Beato V, Pelaia P. Crit Care. 2008;12(Supp 2):S26-S27. Abstract P67. [Abstract]

Microcirculation and vascular reactivity during development of endotoxin tolerance in humans
Draisma, Bemelmans R, van der Hoeven JG, Spronk P, Pickkers P. Int Care Med. 2008;34(Supp 1):S103. Abstract 0391. [Abstract]

The course of StO2 (NIRS) and dynamic tests with patients septische shock treated with activated drotrecogin alfa
Ferrandiere M, Lamy F, Tellier AC, Fantin G, Lagarrigue F, Laffon M, Fusciardi J. 36th Congress of the Societe de Reanimation de Langue Francaise; January 18, 2008; Paris, France. [Abstract]

Effects of activated protein C on microcirculation assessed by near infrared spectroscopy
Georger JF, Chaari A, Richard C, Teboul JL. Int Care Med. 2008;34(Supp 1):S256. Abstract 1004. [Abstract]

Effects of fluid resuscitation on microcirculation assessed by near infrared spectroscopy in septic patients
Georger JF, Chaari A, Richard C, Teboul JL. Int Care Med. 2008;34(Supp 1):S66. Abstract 0247. [Abstract]

Use of non-invasive NIRS during a vascular occlusion test to assess dynamic tissue O2 saturation response
Gomez H, Torres A, Polanco P, Kim H, Zenker S, Puyana J, Pinsky M. Int Care Med. 2008:34(9):1600-1607. [Abstract]

Feasibility of using non-invasive measurements of circulatory shock in critical care transport
Guyette FX, Hostler D, Suffoletto B, Cole JS, Pinsky M, Puyana JC. Advanced Technology Applications for Combat Casualty Care (ATACCC); August 11-13, 2008; St. Pete’s Beach, FL. [Abstract]

Inotropic agents improve the peripheral microcirculation of patients with end-stage chronic heart failure
Nanas S, Gerovasili V, Dimopoulos S, Pierrakos C, Kourtidou S, Kaldara E, Sarafoglou S, Venetsanakos J, Roussos C, Nanas J, Anastasiou-Nana M. J Card Fail. 2008;14(5):400-406. [Abstract]

Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and muscle metabolic defect during early recovery from maximal exercise in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF)
Nanou V, Armeniakou E, Gerovasili V, Tasoulis A, Perpati G, Leontis M, Tzanis G, Roussos Ch, Nanas S, Pouliou E. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;177(Abstracts Issue):A456. [Abstract]

Does red blood cell transfusion improve tissue oxygenation in critically ill patients?
Neves A, Ventura A, Boreli V, Zattar F, Creteur J, Vincent J. Int Care Med. 2008;34(Supp 1):S257. Abstract 1010. [Abstract]

Microvascular dysfunction in trauma hemorrhagic shock : Assessment with near infrare specetroscopy during occlusion tests
Pottecher J, Mathe O, Laplace C, Mesnil M, Repesse X, Benhamou D, Duranteau J. Int Care Med. 2008;34(1):S257. Abstract 1007. [Abstract]

Correlation between haemodynamic and microcirculation parameters obtained with near infrared spectroscopy in cardiac surgery patients
Skampas N, Tripodaki E, Vastardis L, Sakellaridis T, Gerovasili V, Kritikos K, Tasoulis A, Argiriou M, Charitos C, Nanas S. Int Care Med. 2008;34(Supp 1):S261. Abstract 1023. [Abstract]

Measurement of skeletal muscle tissue oxygenation in the critically ill
Strahovnik I, Podbregar M. Signa Vitae. 2008;3(1):43-50. [Abstract]

The prognostic value of muscle StO2 in septic patients
Creteur J, Carollo T, Soldati G, Buchele G, De Backer D, Vincent J-L. Int Care Med. 2007;33(9):1549-1556. [Abstract]

Impairments in microvascular reactivity are related to organ failure in human sepsis
Doerschug KC, Delsing AS, Schmidt GA, Haynes WG. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007;293(2):H1065-H1071. [Abstract]

Can near infrared spectroscopy detect functional microcirculation abnormalities in septic patients?
Georger JF, Chaari A, Richard C, Teboul JL. Int Care Med. 2007;33(Supp 2):S254. Abstract 0987. [Abstract]

Effects of norepinephrine on regional perfusion assessed by near infrared spectroscopy in patients with septic shock
Georger JF, Chaari A, Richard C, Teboul JL. Int Care Med. 2007;33(Supp 2):S166. Abstract 0641. [Abstract]

Muscle microcirculation alterations increase with disease severity in chronic heart failure patients
Gerovasili V, Pierakos C, Dimopoulos S, Kaldara E, Kourtidou S, Sarafoglou S, Kravari M, Venetsanakos J, Tzanis G, Nanas S. Crit Care. 2007;11(Supp 2):S107-S108. Abstract P263. [Abstract]

Tissue oxygen saturation and the rate of tissue deoxygenation during stagnant ischemia in the medical emergency department
Meznar M, Pareznik R, Voga G. Crit Care. 2007;11(Supp 2):S112. Abstract P274. [Abstract]

Assessment by StO2 of peripheral tissue perfusion improvement with activated protein C (APC) in human septic shock
Payen D, Heyer L, Damoisel C, Kerever S, Luengo C, Losser MR. Crit Care Med. 2007;35(12, Abstract Supplement):A279. Abstract 1005. [Abstract]

Evaluation of thenar hemoglobin oxygen saturation (StO2) items as outcome markers at day 0 of human septic shock
Payen D, Damoisel C, Heyer L, Luengo C, Kerever S, Losser MR. Crit Care Med. 2007;35(12, Abstract Supplement):A271. Abstract 975. [Abstract]

Skeletal muscle dynamic near-infraread spectroscopy measurements in patients with septic shock
Pujol W, Vargas F, Bui HN, Clouzeau B, Herpe B, Medrano J, Garnier S, Boyer A, Pillet O, Gruson D, Hilbert G, Gbikpi-Benissan G, Castaing Y. Crit Care Med. 2007;35(12, Abstract Supplement):A77. Abstract 293. [Abstract]

Near infrared spectroscopy as an indirect tool for assessing the microcirculation of the critically ill
Renieris P, Gerovasili V, Poulaki S, Zagorianou A, Kourtidou S, Kravari M, Bouchla A, Zervakis D, Markaki V, Nanas S. Int Care Med. 2007;33(Supp 2):S31. Abstract 0106. [Abstract]

Dynamic near-infrared spectroscopy measurements in patients with severe sepsis
Skarda DE, Mulier KE, Myers DE, Taylor JH, Beilman GJ. Shock. 2007;27(4):348-353. [Abstract]

Non-invasive tissue oxygen monitoring in septic shock patients: an observational study
Borrat X, Sanchez-Etayo G, Adalia R, Arguis MJ, Tercero FJ, Barroso M, Benito S, Zavala E. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2006;23(Supp 37):197. Abstract A-764. [Abstract]

NIRS assessment of microcirculation in septic and polytraumatized patients
Borrat X, Sanchez-Etayo G, Mercadal J, Tercero F, De la Riba N, Israel T, Adalia R, Zabala E. Int Care Med. 2006;32(Supp 1):S172. Abstract 0657. [Abstract]

Reactive hyperemia is altered in patients after cardiac surgery
Buchele GL, Ospina-Tascon GA, Castilho MA, Oliveira TA, Sales Jr JA, Creteur J, Vincent JL. Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) 35th Critical Care Congress; January 7-11, 2006; San Francisco, CA. Poster A61. [Abstract]

Muscle oxygen consumption is decreased in septic patients
Creteur J, Buchele G, Sales Jr J, Ospina G, Vincent J. Int Care Med. 2006;32(Supp 1):S290. Abstract 1126. [Abstract]

Differential micro-oxygenation dysfunction in haemorrhagic and septic shock patients
Heyer L, Madadaki C, Rezlan E, Welschbillig S, Mateo J, Payen D. Int Care Med. 2006;32(Supp 1):S254. Abstract 0982. [Abstract]

Diffuse micro-oxygenation impairment in acute haemorragic shock
Heyer L, Rezlan E, Madadaki K, Rabuel C, Schourando P, Payen D. Int Care Med. 2006;32(Supp 1):S168. Abstract 0643. [Abstract]

Muscle oxygenation in low flow state and sepsis: correlation to hemodynamics and outcome
Mozina H, Strahovnik I, Podbregar M. Int Care Med. 2006;32(Supp 1):S290. Abstract 1128. [Abstract]

Non-invasive assessment of the microcirculation in ICU patients
Nanas S, Renieris P, Gerovasili V, Poriazi M, Kritikos K, Aggelopoulos E, Kolias S, Zervakis D, Routsi C, Roussos C. Crit Care. 2006;10(Supp 1):S132. Abstract P318. [Abstract]

Comparison of the effects of noradrenaline and adrenaline on tissue oxygen saturation in cases of septic shock. A feasibility study [in French]
Nguyen A, Nardi O, Lemaout C, Aboab J, Gonzalez H, Orlikowski O, Annane D. Reanimation. 2006;15(Supp 1):S248. Abstract SP369. [Abstract]

Changes in muscle tissue oxygenation during stagnant ischemia in septic patients
Pareznik R, Knezevic R, Voga G, Podbregar M. Int Care Med. 2006;32(1):87-92. [Abstract]

Microcirculatory dysfunction in ICU patients with sepsis
Renieris P, Gerovasili V, Poriazi M, Loukas T, Markaki V, Routsi C, Roussos C, Nanas S. Int Care Med. 2006;32(Supp 1):S98. Abstract 0371. [Abstract]

Muscle tissue oxygenation in septic patients treated with activated protein C
Rinaldi L, Busani S, Girardis M. Int Care Med. 2006;32(Supp 1):S178. Abstract 0681. [Abstract]

Effects of activated protein C on the microvascular response to reactive hyperemia in patients with septic shock
Sales Jr J, Buchele GL, Ospina GA, Creteur J, Vincent JL. Int Care Med. 2006;32(Supp 1):S290. Abstract 1125. [Abstract]

Non-invasive real-time quantification of cardiovascular reserve in human circulatory shock
Torres PA, Polanco P, Pinsky M, Kim, Puyana JC. J Surg Res. 2006;130(2):279. Abstract 323. [Abstract]

Non-invasive real-time quantification of cardiovascular reserve in human circulatory shock
Torres PA, Polanco P, Pinsky M, Kim, Puyana JC. First Annual Academic Surgical Congress; February 7-11, 2006; San Diego, CA. [Abstract]

Impact of time on systemic and local evaluation of perfusion/oxygenation during septic shock
Heyer L, Madadaki K, Rezlan E, Mateo J, Losser MR, Payen D. Int Care Med. 2005;31(Supp 1):S16. Abstract 044. [Abstract]

Impact of time on systemic and local evaluation of perfusion/oxygenation during septic shock
Heyer L, Madadaki K, Rezlan E, Mateo J, Losser MR, Payen D. ESICM Meeting; September 25-28, 2005; Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [Abstract]

Effects of recombinant human activated protein C on endothelial function during sepsis
L’Her E, Goetghebeur D, Tonnelier J, Gut-Gobert C, Boumediene A, Renault A, Boles J. Int Care Med. 2005;31(Supp 1):S43. Abstract 153. [Abstract]

Dynamic near-infrared spectroscopy measurements in patients with severe sepsis correlate with invasive hemodynamic measurements
Skarda D, Taylor J, Mulier K, Myers D, Beilman G. Crit Care. 2005;9(Supp 1):S30. Abstract P74. [Abstract]

Dynamic near-infrared spectroscopy measurements in patients with severe sepsis correlate with invasive hemodynamic measurements
Skarda D, Taylor J, Mulier K, Myers D, Beilman G. 25th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine; March 21-25, 2005; Brussels, Belgium. [Abstract]

Microvascular response to reactive hyperemia is altered in septic patients
Carollo T, Creteur J, De Backer D, Vincent JL. Int Care Med. 2004;30(Supp 1):S24. Abstract 074. [Abstract]

Persistent altered microvascular reactivity is predictive of mortality in septic patients
Carollo T, Creteur J, De Backer D, Vincent JL. Int Care Med. 2004;30(Supp 1):S163. Abstract 626. [Abstract]

Improvement of muscle tissue deoxygenation during stagnant ischemia in survivors of severe sepsis
Pareznick R, Voga G, Knezevic R, Podbregar M. Int Care Med. 2004;30(Supp 1):S144. Abstract 554. [Abstract]





The InSpectra™ StO2 Tissue Oxygenation Monitor provides a noninvasive, continuous, real-time, and direct measurement of hemoglobin oxygen saturation in tissue (StO2), providing trauma teams the ability to measure tissue oxygen saturation and monitor it during resuscitation. It is the only perfusion status monitor designed for trauma environments. The InSpectra StO2 Tissue Oxygenation Monitor uses near infrared light to illuminate tissue, and then analyzes the returned light to produce a quantitative measurement of oxygen saturation in the tissue's microcirculation.

The StO2 Trauma Study researched the role that tissue oxygen saturation monitoring could play in hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. Study results demonstrate that StO2 measurements less than 75% may indicate serious hypoperfusion in trauma patients and that StO2 functions as well as base deficit in indicating hypoperfusion in trauma patients.