Review Articles Hemorrhage Sepsis Microvascular Dysfunction Proof of Concept Other References
Please see Bibliography of References for a list of abstracts, manuscripts and posters.
Hemorrhage

Tissue oxygenation monitoring in the field: a new EMS vital sign
Sagraves SG, Newell MA, Bard MR, Watkins FR, Corcoran KJ, McMullen PD, Rotondo MF. J Trauma. 2009;67(3):441-444. [Abstract]

Prehospital dynamic tissue O2 saturation response predicts in-hospital mortality in trauma patients.
Guyette F, Gomez H, Suffoletto B, Quintero J, Mesquida J, Kim HK, Hostler D, Puyana J, Pinsky M. Crit Care Med. 2009;37(12, Suppl):A28. [Abstract]

Monitoring trauma and intensive care unit resuscitation with tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation
Santora RJ, Moore FA. Crit Care. 2009;13(Suppl 5):S10. [Abstract]

Cardiac troponin and skeletal muscle oxygenation in severe post-partum haemorrhage
Heyer L, Mebazaa A, Gayat E, Resche-Rigon M, Rabuel C, Rezlan E, Lukascewicz AC, Madadaki C, Pirracchio R, Schurando P, Morel O, Fargeaudou Y, Payen D. Crit Care. 2009;13(Suppl 5):S8. [Abstract]

Near-infrared spectroscopy-derived tissue oxygen saturation in battlefield injuries: a case series report
Beilman GJ, Blondet JJ. World J Emerg Surg. 2009;4:25. [Abstract]

Transfusion of aged red blood cells results in decreased tissue oxygenation in critically injured trauma patients
Kiraly LN, Underwood S, Differding JA, Schreiber MA. J Trauma. 2009;67(1):29-32. [Abstract]

Noninvasive tissue oxygen saturation measurements identify supply dependency
George ME, Beilman GJ, Mulier KE, Myers DE, Wasiluk KR. J Surg Res. 2009. [In Press] [Abstract]

Early hypothermia in severely injured trauma patients is a significant risk factor for multiple organ dysfunction syndrome but not mortality
Beilman GJ, Blondet JJ, Nelson TR, Nathens AB, Moore FA, Rhee P, Puyana JC, Moore EE, Cohn SM. Ann Surg. 2009;249(5):845-850. [Abstract]

Prospective study of continuous non-invasive tissue oximetry in the early evaluation of the combat casualty
Beekley A, Martin M, Nelson T, Grathwohl K, Griffith M, Beilman G, Holcomb J. Western Trauma Association 39th Annual Meeting; February 22-27, 2009; Crested Butte, Colorado. [Abstract]

Near infrared spectroscopy as a potential surrogate for mixed venous oxygen saturation for evaluation of patients with hemodynamic derangements
Crawford J, Otero R, Rivers E, Goldsmith D. ISICEM; March 18-21, 2008; Brussels, Belgium. [Abstract]

Near infrared spectroscopy to assess systemic perfusion in the critically ill
Crawford J, Otero R, Rivers E, Goldsmith D, Ristova S. SCCM Critical Care Congress; February 2-6, 2008; Honolulu, HI. [Abstract]

Ketamine-based total intravenous anesthesia versus isoflurane anesthesia in a swine model of hemorrhagic shock
Englehart MS, Allison CE, Tieu BH, Kiraly LN, Underwood SA, Muller PJ, Differding JA, Swaai RS, Karahan A, Schreiber MA. J Trauma. 2008;65(4):901-909. [Abstract]

Feasibility of using non-invasive measurements of circulatory shock in critical care transport
Guyette FX, Hostler D, Suffoletto B, Cole JS, Pinsky M, Puyana JC. Advanced Technology Applications for Combat Casualty Care (ATACCC); August 11-13, 2008; St. Pete’s Beach, FL. [Abstract]

Near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor tissue oxygenation in critically ill patients
Hinkelbein J, Rokuss K, Kalenka A, Bender H. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2008;25(Suppl S44):3AP5-9. [Abstract]

Transfusion of stored red blood cells results in decreased tissue oxygenation in critically injured trauma patients
Kiraly LN, Englehart MS, Tieu BH, Differding JA, Underwood SJ, Singh G, Schreiber MA. J Trauma. 2008;64(1):247. Abstract 11. [Abstract]

The relationship between near infrared spectroscopy and end tidal carbon dioxide in patients presenting with shock
Miner JR, Petersen G, Byrd C, Clinton J, Smith S. Ann Emerg Med. 2008;52(4, Supplement):S57-S58. Abstract 51. [Abstract]

Is there a role for aggressive use of fresh frozen plasma in massive transfusion of civilian trauma patients?
Moore FA, Nelson T, McKinley BA, Moore EE, Nathens AB, Rhee P, Puyana JC, Beilman GJ, Cohn SM. Am J Surg. 2008;196(6):948-58; discussion 958-960. [Abstract]

Massive transfusion in trauma patients: tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation predicts poor outcome
Moore FA, Nelson T, McKinley BA, Moore EE, Nathens AB, Rhee P, Puyana JC, Beilman GJ, Cohn SM. J Trauma. 2008;64(4):1010-1023. [Abstract]

Does red blood cell transfusion improve tissue oxygenation in critically ill patients?
Neves A, Ventura A, Boreli V, Zattar F, Creteur J, Vincent J. Int Care Med. 2008;34(Supp 1):S257. Abstract 1010. [Abstract]

A comparison of near infra-red spectroscopy with endpoints of resuscitation for evaluation of critically ill patients
Otero R, Crawford J, Goldsmith D, Ristova S. ISICEM; March 18-21, 2008; Brussels, Belgium. [Abstract]

Microvascular dysfunction in trauma hemorrhagic shock : Assessment with near infrare specetroscopy during occlusion tests
Pottecher J, Mathe O, Laplace C, Mesnil M, Repesse X, Benhamou D, Duranteau J. Int Care Med. 2008;34(1):S257. Abstract 1007. [Abstract]

Eight hours of hypotensive versus normotensive resuscitation in a porcine model of controlled hemorrhagic shock
Skarda DE, Mulier KE, George ME, Beilman GJ. Acad Emerg Med. 2008;15(9):845-852. [Abstract]

Tissue oxygen saturation predicts the need for early blood transfusion in trauma patients
Smith J, Bricker S, Putnam B. Am Surg. 2008;74(10):1006-1011. [Abstract]

Tissue oxygen saturation predicts the need for early blood transfusion in trauma patients
Smith J, Bricker S, Putnam B. 19th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Southern California Chapter of the American College of Surgeons; January 18-20, 2008; Santa Barbara, CA. [Abstract]

Early hypothermia in severely injured trauma patients is a significant risk factor for multiple organ dysfunction syndrome but not mortality
Beilman G, Nelson T, Nathens A, Moore F, Rhee P, Puyana J. Crit Care. 2007;11(Supp 2):S139. Abstract P345. [Abstract]

Early hypothermia in severely injured trauma patients is a significant risk factor for multiple organ dysfunction syndrome but not mortality
Beilman G, Nelson T, Nathens A, Moore F, Rhee P, Puyana J. ISICEM; March 27-30, 2007; Brussels, Belgium. [Abstract]

Tissue oxygen saturation predicts the development of organ dysfunction during traumatic shock resuscitation
Cohn SM, Nathens AB, Moore FA, Rhee P, Puyana JC, Moore EE, Beilman GJ. J Trauma. 2007;62(1):44-55. [Abstract]

Attributable costs and LOS of post-traumatic multiple organ failure
Haas B, Rosengart MR, Nelson T, Nathens AB. AAST 66th Annual Meeting; September 27-29, 2007; Las Vegas, NV. [Abstract]

Tissue oxygen saturation predicts the development of organ failure during traumatic shock resuscitation
Moore FA. In: Faist, E, ed. International Proceedings of the 7th World Congress on Trauma, Shock, Inflammation and Sepsis; Munich, Germany, 13-17 March 2007. Bologna, Italy: Medimond; 2007:111–114. [Abstract]

Tissue oxygen saturation predicts the development of organ failure during traumatic shock resuscitation
Moore F, Cohn SM, Nathens AB, Rhee P, Puyana JC, Moore EE. Inflamm Res. 2007;56(Supp 2):S217-S218. Abstract A332. [Abstract]

Need for massive transfusion can be predicted early after trauma center arrival
Moore F, McKinley B, Moore E, Nathens A, Rhee P, Puyana J, Beilman G, Cohn S. J Trauma. 2007;62(1):270. [Abstract]

Noninvasive near infrared spectroscopy-(NIRS) StO2 predicts early death in patients with severe hemorrhage and massive transfusion
Puyana JC, Polanco PM, Peitzman AB, Nathens AB, Moore FA, Rhee P, Beilman GJ, Moore EE, Cohn SM. SCCM Critical Care Congress; Feb 17-21, 2007; Orlando, FL. [Abstract]

Peripheral oxygen extraction predicts organ failure and mortality following major trauma
Robertson S, Dickson E, Richards G. Crit Care. 2007;11(Supp 2):S141. Abstract P351. [Abstract]

Near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor tissue oxygenation in critically ill patients
Rokuss K, Hinkelbein J, Kalenka A, Bender HJ. 9th Capital City Conference of the DGAI Congress of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine – HAI 2007; September 13-15, 2007; Berlin, Germany. [Abstract]

Thresholded area over the curve of spectrometric tissue oxygen saturation as an indicator of volume resuscitability in porcine hemorrhagic shock
Zenker S, Polanco PM, Kim HK, Torres A, Vodovotz Y, Clermont G, Pinsky M, Severyn D, Puyana JC. J Trauma. 2007;63(3):573–580. [Abstract]

Non-invasive near infrared spectroscopy-derived StO2 predicts mortality in severe traumatic injury
Beilman GJ, Nathens AB, Moore FA, Rhee P, Puyana JC, Moore EE, Cohn SM. Ann Emerg Med. 2006;48(4, Supplement):S2. Abstract 3. [Abstract]

The influence of anesthesia on a swine model of hemorrhagic shock
Englehart M, Tieu B, Kiraly L, Sawai R, Schreiber M. Shock. 2006;25(6, Supplement 1):58-59. Abstract P111. [Abstract]

Diffuse micro-oxygenation impairment in acute haemorragic shock
Heyer L, Rezlan E, Madadaki K, Rabuel C, Schourando P, Payen D. Int Care Med. 2006;32(Supp 1):S168. Abstract 0643. [Abstract]

Oxygen tissular saturation (StO2) measured by NIRS in patients admitted to the intensive care unit
Mesquida J, Maluenda M, Masip J, Baigorri F, Artigas A. Int Care Med. 2006;32(Supplement 1):S167. Abstract 0640. [Abstract]

Near infrared spectroscopy as an indicator of systemic perfusion in acutely ill patients in the emergency department
Otero R, Crawford J, Rivers EP, Nwoke P, Sankey SS. American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) Research Forum; October 15-16, 2006; New Orleans, LA. [Abstract]

Tissue O2 saturation is an early indicator of mortality and blood transfusion needs in severe trauma
Puyana JC, Polanco PM, Peitzman AB, Nathens AB, Moore FA, Rhee P, Beilman GJ, Moore EE, Cohn SM. Int Care Med. 2006;32(Supp 1):S8. Abstract 0014. [Abstract]

Non-invasive real-time quantification of cardiovascular reserve in human circulatory shock
Torres PA, Polanco P, Pinsky M, Kim, Puyana JC. J Surg Res. 2006;130(2):279. Abstract 323. [Abstract]

Non-invasive real-time quantification of cardiovascular reserve in human circulatory shock
Torres PA, Polanco P, Pinsky M, Kim, Puyana JC. First Annual Academic Surgical Congress; February 7-11, 2006; San Diego, CA. [Abstract]

Real time – bedside non invasive measurement of tissue hemoglobin as a surrogate of blood hemoglobin during shock and resuscitation
Torres PA, Polanco PM, Rosengart MR, Peitzman AB, Harbrecht BG, Forsythe RM, Kim HK. 19th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma; January 10-14, 2006; Orlando, FL. [Abstract]

A single bolus of 3% hypertonic saline with 6% dextran provides optimal initial resuscitation after uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock
Watters JM, Tieu BH, Differding JA, Muller PJ, Schreiber MA. J Trauma. 2006;61(1):75-81. [Abstract]

Can near-infrared spectroscopy identify the severity of shock in trauma patients?
Crookes BA, Cohn SM, Bloch S, Amortegui J, Manning R, Li P, Proctor MS, Hallal A, Blackbourne LH, Benjamin R, Soffer D, Habib F, Schulman CI, Duncan R, Proctor KG. J Trauma. 2005;58(4):806-816. [Abstract]

Use of near-infrared spectroscopy in early determination of irreversible hemorrhagic shock
Taylor JH, Mulier KE, Myers DE, Beilman GJ. J Trauma. 2005;58(6):1119-1125. [Abstract]

Noninvasive muscle oxygenation to guide fluid resuscitation after traumatic shock
Crookes BA, Cohn SM, Burton EA, Nelson J, Proctor KG. Surgery. 2004;135(6):662-670. [Abstract]

Tissue energetics as measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy during hemorrhagic shock
Taylor JH, Beilman GJ, Conroy MJ, Mulier KE, Myers D, Gruessner A, Hammer BE. Shock. 2004;21(1):58-64. [Abstract]

Use of near-infrared spectroscopy in early determination of irreversible hemorrhagic shock
Taylor JH, Mulier KE, Myers D, Beilman GJ. J Trauma. 2004;57(2):438. [Abstract]

Near-infrared spectroscopy in resuscitation
Cohn SM, Crookes BA, Proctor KG. J Trauma. 2003;54(5, Suppl):S199-S202. [Abstract]

Comparison of tissue hemoglobin oxygen saturation in post-partum hemorrhagic shock patients and septic patients
Heyer L, Rezlan E, Madadaki C, Payen D. Society of Critical Care Medicine 31st Critical Care Congress; January 26-30, 2002; San Diego, CA. [Abstract]

Splanchnic perfusion evaluation during hemorrhage and resuscitation with gastric near-infrared spectroscopy
Cohn SM, Varela E, Giannotti G, Dolich M, Brown M, Feinstein A, Ara BA, McKenney M, Spalding P. J Trauma. 2001;50(4):629-635. [Abstract]

hemoglobin O2 saturation during resuscitation of traumatic shock monitored using near infrared spectrometry
McKinley B, Marvin R, Cocanour C, Moore F. Tissue J Trauma. 2000;48(4):637-642. [Abstract]

Near-infrared spectroscopy measurement of regional tissue oxyhemoglobin saturation during hemorrhagic shock
Beilman G, Groehler K, Lazaron V, Ortner J. Shock. 1999;12(3):196-200. [Abstract]

Near-infrared spectroscopy: continuous measurement of cytochrome oxidation during hemorrhagic shock
Rhee P, Langdale L, Mock C, Gentilello LM. Crit Care Med. 1997;25(1):166-170. [Abstract]





The InSpectra™ StO2 Tissue Oxygenation Monitor provides a noninvasive, continuous, real-time, and direct measurement of hemoglobin oxygen saturation in tissue (StO2), providing trauma teams the ability to measure tissue oxygen saturation and monitor it during resuscitation. It is the only perfusion status monitor designed for trauma environments. The InSpectra StO2 Tissue Oxygenation Monitor uses near infrared light to illuminate tissue, and then analyzes the returned light to produce a quantitative measurement of oxygen saturation in the tissue's microcirculation.

The StO2 Trauma Study researched the role that tissue oxygen saturation monitoring could play in hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation. Study results demonstrate that StO2 measurements less than 75% may indicate serious hypoperfusion in trauma patients and that StO2 functions as well as base deficit in indicating hypoperfusion in trauma patients.